The adventure awaits
Embark on a fascinating journey through eastern Turkey, where millennia-old civilizations, wild mountains, and endless layers of culture meet. You'll start from the Black Sea in Trabzon, passing through picturesque towns, historical monuments, and forgotten archaeological sites. You will walk through ancient bridges, tombs and temples, climb to the top of Nemrut Dağı, visit unique cities such as Mardin, Şanlıurfa and Van, discover Akdamar Island with its beautiful church, remarkable castles and ethnographic museums, and finally end your journey in Ani, the "city of 1001 churches", which is a unique testimony to ancient cultures.
Little-known eastern Turkey will surprise you not only with its nature and monuments, but also with the cordiality of the local people and their hospitality.
You will arrive in Trabzon, rent a car, and stay near the airport to be ready for the trip south the next day.
You will arrive in Trabzon, a city on the Black Sea coast, rent a car at the airport, and stay in a nearby neighborhood.
Through the Karanlık Canyon, you will reach the historical city of Kemaliye, where you will explore the old town. Afterwards, you will stay in Elâzığ.
If you like beautiful views with the possibility of taking pictures, stop by the road around the Euphrates River and then at the mosque, from where you will have a beautiful view of this river and the surrounding landscape.
The place with a view of the mosque and the Euphrates River is here.
Before the town of Kemaliye, you'll stop at viewpoints overlooking the Karanlık Canyon, where light and shadow mix in a dramatic display of rocks and water, and where you can observe and photograph the amazing scenery.
You will first stop at the beginning of Kemaliye, a picturesque town in eastern Anatolia, nestled in the deep valley of the Euphrates River (Fırat Nehri), where you will see the old houses along the road. It is famous for its historic stone houses, Ottoman-era stone bridges, and traditional crafts, especially cranberry sugar making and hand-woven fabrics. A walk through the old town offers views of narrow streets, the local bazaar, and views of the surrounding steep canyons.
You will go to the village of Apçağa, which is known for its traditional architecture and stone houses that reflect the style of the Eastern Anatolia region. The surrounding landscape offers peaceful valleys and views of the surrounding hills and mountains. A walk through the village and surrounding paths provides an authentic experience of the daily life of the local people.
You will arrive in Elâzığ by the end of the day, a historical city in the heart of eastern Anatolia, known for its Harput castle complex, ancient mosques, and traditional bazaars. Harput, originally a separate city, offers magnificent views of the city and the surrounding valley. Elâzığ is also a center of regional culture, folk music, and crafts.
Elazığ Grand Bazaar has been operating since 1928 and is one of the characteristic marketplaces of the city of Elazığ.
It is located on Gazi Paşa Boulevard in Elazığ. The construction of the mosque was undertaken by Hacı Ahmet İzzet Pasha, the governor of Elazığ during the Ottoman Empire era. It was completed in 1866.
You will arrive at the foot of the summit of Nemrut Dagi, and from there you will ascend to a small circuit with monuments of the ancient kingdom of Commagene.
Wind your way up to Nemrut Dağı (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), a famous peak in eastern Anatolia where huge stone statues of gods and kings of the ancient Kingdom of Commagene tower on the summit. This archaeological gem from the 1st century BC offers not only a view of fascinating reliefs and inscriptions, but also breathtaking sunrises and sunsets that create a magical atmosphere. The surrounding landscape with mountains and valleys is reminiscent of the region's ancient times and legends.
A short climb will first take you to the eastern terrace of Nemrut Dağı, which offers an impressive row of stone heads of gods and kings that once guarded the burial monument of the Kingdom of Commagene. Unlike the western terrace, there is an atmosphere of peace and greater isolation, ideal for observing the surrounding mountains and valleys. The terrace provides a fascinating close-up view of the sculptures as well as a panoramic view of the surrounding landscape.
Next, you will see the western terrace of Nemrut Dağı, a place where statues of gods and kings create a dramatic panoramic frame against the sunset. This sector provides a unique view of the monumental reliefs as well as the surrounding mountains and valleys that seem to stretch into infinity. The western terrace is ideal for photography, meditation, and sensing the atmosphere of the ancient kingdom of Commagene.
In the area where you spent the night, you will also visit an ancient city, one of the oldest bridges, and an old burial ground.
You will reach Arsameia, an ancient city and seat of the Commagene royal dynasty, built along the Nymphaios River. The site is known for its rock reliefs and inscriptions that tell the stories of kings and gods, as well as the remains of palaces and temples, offering a fascinating insight into the political and religious life of the ancient region. The archaeological sites on the mountain slopes provide panoramic views and a sense of connection to ancient history.
Cendere is one of the oldest surviving stone bridges in Anatolia, built during the reign of the Roman Emperor Lucius Septimius Severus in 198 AD. It connects both banks of the Cendere River and is unique for its stone blocks, reliefs, and inscriptions that reflect the cultural and religious history of the region.
A bit further along the road, Karakuş Tumulus awaits you, which is a massive burial mound complex built by the Commagene royal dynasty in honor of an important queen. It was built between 38–20 BC. It is characterized by its stone eagles and columns that guard the site and give it a majestic, almost mystical atmosphere. The Tumulus offers not only a view of ancient funerary architecture, but also panoramic views of the surrounding mountains and valleys.
Şanlıurfa, also known as Edessa, is a crossroads of history, legends, and culture. The city is famous for its historical bazaar, where the scent of spices, traditional crafts, and lively shops mingle. The old town offers stone streets, mosques, and traditional houses, which add an authentic atmosphere of ancient times.
Don't forget to visit the Rizvaniye and Halil-ur-Rahman mosques and stroll through the historical bazaar at sunset – the city's atmosphere is magical and poetic.
Rizvaniye Mosque is a historical Ottoman-era mosque that is one of Şanlıurfa's significant architectural landmarks. Its impressive minarets, traditional stonework, and courtyard reflect the serene, spiritual atmosphere of the place. The mosque is not only a religious center but also a testament to the cultural and historical continuity of the region.
The Halilurrahman Mosque is one of Şanlıurfa's most important mosques, known for its Ottoman-era architecture and connection to local legends. It is located near Balıklı Göl, a sacred carp pond, adding a special spiritual atmosphere to the entire site. The mosque is a place of prayer and meditation, where history and faith connect the past with the present.
On the way to Mardin, you will briefly turn off the main road and visit the Göbekli Tepe archaeological site and the historical Kasımiye Madrasah complex near Mardin.
Göbekli Tepe is one of the oldest known religious centers in the world, dating back to approximately the 10th–9th millennium BC. The vast complex of stone circles and monumental pillars with carved reliefs of animals shows that human civilization began building complex sacred sites even before the advent of agriculture. A visit to this place provides a fascinating insight into the ancient spiritual and cultural history of mankind.
The Kasımiye Madrasah is one of the most impressive historical complexes in Mardin, completed in the 16th century. The complex includes a courtyard, study rooms, and a mosque, illustrating the importance of education and religion in Ottoman Anatolia. The building is famous for its detailed stone ornamentation, robust vaulted ceilings, and architectural harmony, which gives the place a special majestic atmosphere.
Mardin is a historic city in southeastern Turkey, known for its stone architecture, narrow streets, and panoramic views of the Mesopotamian Valley. The city is a unique blend of cultures and religions: Syriac monasteries, mosques, and traditional houses give the feeling that time has stood still here. The historic center is ideal for leisurely walks, photography, and exploring local culture and crafts.
The streets of Mardin are narrow and crowded with cars, so it is best to park in the underground parking lot in the center.
You will have a full day to explore the historical city of Mardin, walk through the old town with its streets, mosques and stone buildings.
Mardin is a historical city in southeastern Turkey, known for its stone architecture, narrow streets, and panoramic views of the Mesopotamian Valley. The city is a unique blend of cultures and religions: Syrian monasteries, mosques, and traditional houses give the feeling that time has stopped here. The historic center is ideal for slow walks, photography, and exploring local culture and crafts. The Mardin area has been continuously inhabited since ancient times and was an important crossroads of trade routes between Mesopotamia, Anatolia, and Syria.
Ulu Camii is one of the most important mosques in Mardin, built in the 12th century and later expanded. Its robust stone architecture, historic minaret, and courtyard reflect the traditional style of southeastern Anatolia. The mosque is not only a religious center but also a symbol of the city's cultural continuity and a place where history intertwines with a spiritual atmosphere.
Kırklar Kilisesi, known as the Church of the Forty Martyrs, is a Syriac Orthodox church with a long history dating back to the early Christian period. It dates back to the mid-6th century. The interior of the church is decorated with murals and frescoes that tell biblical stories, and the church itself is a symbol of the rich Christian tradition in the Mardin region.
Surp Hovsep is an Armenian church in Mardin, representing the historical presence of the Armenian community in the region. It was built in 1894. The church stands out with its traditional architecture, stone details, and quiet atmosphere, offering insight into the spiritual life of local believers. The interior features historical iconography and frescoes that testify to the rich religious and cultural tradition.
Zinciriye Madrasa is a historical Islamic school from the 14th century, built during the Artuqid period. The madrasa combines architectural elegance, elaborate stone ornaments, and an inner courtyard, reflecting the building's traditional educational and spiritual function. The madrasa's terrace offers a panoramic view of the city and the Mesopotamian valley, giving the visit a poetic and inspiring touch.
You will visit the unique village of Mağaraköy nestled in the mountain landscape, a Syrian monastery, and, before sunset, the Hasankeyf cultural park on the banks of the Tigris River.
Mağaraköy is a small Yazidi village in the Turabdin region, known for its traditional stone houses and peaceful mountain scenery. The village offers an authentic glimpse into the daily life of the local people and is an ideal place for a quiet walk among the historic buildings and surrounding rocks. Its location in the hills provides picturesque views of the surrounding valley and traditional village architecture.
Mor Gabriel is one of the oldest still-active Syriac monasteries in the world, founded in 397 AD. The monastery is an important center of spiritual, cultural, and educational life for the local Syriac community. The complex includes churches, chapels, courtyards, and historic buildings, all decorated with traditional ornaments and frescoes. The surrounding landscape of hills and olive groves adds to the monastery's peaceful and contemplative atmosphere.
Hasankeyf New Cultural Park Area is a modern cultural park that was created as part of the protection and presentation of the historical city of Hasankeyf, which was partially flooded during the construction of the Ilısu Dam. The park offers reconstructions of historical buildings, information panels and viewing platforms that allow visitors to learn about the heritage of the city and its surroundings. It is a place where history meets the natural scenery of the Tigris River.
Zeynel Bey Tomb is a historical mausoleum from the 15th century, built during the Akkoyunlu period. The structure is characterized by stone architecture with delicate ornaments and traditional geometric motifs, which demonstrate the mastery of the builders of that time. The tomb is an important monument of the region and a symbol of the rich cultural and historical heritage of Hasankeyf.
On the way to Van, you will drive to the lake in place of a volcanic crater and admire the vast landscape.
Nemrut Caldera Nature Monument is a nature reserve and protected area around the volcanic crater of Mount Nemrut. The site is known for its unique volcanic landscape, crater lakes, and expansive viewpoints that offer dramatic views of the surrounding mountains and valleys. The reserve is ideal for hiking, photography, and nature watching, blending geological history with the picturesque scenery of eastern Anatolia.
A good road leads up, where you can stop and take pictures. Bears live by the lake, used to tourists, but caution is always advisable.
The Nemrut Dağı Crater is a remnant of volcanic activity that today offers a dramatic and surreal landscape among the mountains of eastern Anatolia. The surrounding area is surrounded by volcanic cones and vast valleys. The crater is also suitable for short hiking trails and photography.
It is recommended to head to the edge of the crater in the early morning light or before sunset, when the shadows and shapes of the volcanic landscape create dramatic views.
You will reach the harbor, from where you can take a boat to Akdamar Island, where the Armenian Church of Surp Khach and a view of Lake Van and the surrounding mountains await you.
You arrive at the harbor and buy a boat ticket to Akdamar Island on the spot. There is no official timetable. The boat leaves as soon as there are enough people. Take advantage of boat transportation early in the morning or at sunset, when the light is ideal for photography and a quieter tour.
Akdamar Island is located on Lake Van and is famous for the 10th-century Armenian Church of the Holy Cross (Surp Khach), a magnificent example of Armenian architecture. The island also offers picturesque views of the lake and surrounding mountains, a peaceful atmosphere and the opportunity to walk around the historic walls of the church.
Akdamar Church is an iconic 10th-century Armenian church, known for its richly carved stone reliefs and frescoes depicting biblical stories. The church represents the pinnacle of Armenian architecture and art and is a symbol of the historical and spiritual heritage of the Van region. The surrounding island environment provides tranquility and panoramic views of Lake Van and the mountain ranges.
Explore the details of the reliefs and frescoes inside the church, sit outside, and walk a little way up behind the church to the lookout point to see beautiful views of the lake and the surrounding landscape.
Çavuştepe Fortress is a historical fortress from the Urartian period (9th–6th centuries BC), located on a hill overlooking Lake Van. The fortress served to protect the strategic territory and administer the surrounding areas, and remains of walls, residential blocks, and a water system are still visible today. The site offers panoramic views of Lake Van and the surrounding mountains.
Hoşap Castle is an imposing 17th-century fortress, built on a rocky promontory above the Hoşap River. The fortress was a strategic center of the region and served to protect trade routes and local villages. Its massive stone walls, towers and courtyards demonstrate the mastery of the architecture of the time and provide panoramic views of the valley and surrounding mountains.
You can park in a small parking lot when you drive up the road.
You will see the city of Van - an interesting museum, Van Fortress and walk in the center.
Van is a historic city on the shore of Lake Van, the largest lake in Turkey. The city is known for its ancient fortress, Armenian architecture, and vibrant market atmosphere, which gives the place an authentic character. Van is also a gateway to surrounding historical and natural monuments such as Akdamar Island, Çavuştepe Fortress, or Hoşap Fortress.
The Museum of Archeology and Ethnography in Van offers a fascinating insight into the history and culture of Eastern Anatolia, from the Urartu period to modern times. Exhibits include archaeological finds, ceramics, tools, sculptures, and traditional costumes that illustrate the daily life and spiritual practices of local communities. The museum is ideal for those who want to understand the historical context of the region and its rich cultural heritage.
Van Fortress is an impressive site on the shore of Lake Van, with a history dating back to the Urartian civilization (9th-6th centuries BC). The fortress was a strategic center of the region and served to defend against invaders and administer the surrounding territories. The preserved ramparts, towers and gates allow visitors to glimpse into the military and political history of the area. The castle offers a panoramic view of the city of Van and the lake.
You can get to the top from the parking lot at the entrance with a light walk around the mosque to the back, where you will see an impressive view of the city.
You will stop at the Ishak Pasha Palace and drive to the ancient city of Ani, one of the unique places in eastern Turkey.
İshak Pasha Palace is a monumental palace from the 17th and 18th centuries, combining Ottoman, Persian, and Armenian architecture. The palace includes courtyards, a mosque, a harem, and administrative spaces, all adorned with elaborate stone reliefs and ornaments. It is a symbol of the wealth and power of local rulers and offers a fascinating insight into the life of the aristocracy in Anatolia.
Near the village of Kavaktepe, you can stop on the driveway and observe and photograph Mount Ararat in combination with the local mosque from there.
Ani is a fascinating archeological city on the borders of Turkey and Armenia, known as the 'city of a thousand and one churches'. The city was the center of the Armenian kingdom in the 10th-11th centuries, and its ruins today include churches, monasteries, fortresses and walls, which testify to the former prosperity and cultural power. Ani is a symbol of medieval architecture, religious history and strategic importance of the region.
The Church of the Holy Redeemer, also known as Surp Amenap’rkich, is one of the most important churches in the ancient city of Ani. The structure dates from the 10th-11th centuries and represents a typical example of Armenian medieval architecture, with massive stone walls, arches, and remnants of decorative reliefs.
The Cathedral of Ani dominates the ancient city, built in the 10th century as the main church of the Armenian kingdom. The structure is a typical example of Armenian medieval architecture, with impressive stone remains, massive walls, and elegant arches.
The Monastery of Hripsimean Virgins is a historic Armenian monastery in Ani, dedicated to the holy virgins Hripsime. The monastery is one of the city's important religious buildings and showcases the architecture of Armenian monasteries from the 10th-11th centuries, including the remains of a church, chapels, and defensive walls.
St. Gregory Church, also known as Abughamrents Church, is a historic Armenian church dating from the 10th-11th centuries. The church is significant for its architecture typical of Armenian medieval buildings, with stone walls, arches, and remnants of decorative reliefs.
The Church of St. Gregory of Gagik is an Armenian church built during the reign of King Gagik I in the 11th century. The church is significant for its architecture, which combines robust stone walls with elegant arches and decorative reliefs, typical of Armenian medieval buildings.
The Ebul Manucehr Mosque is a historic mosque in Ani, built during the medieval period, showcasing the architecture of early Islamic structures in the Armenian Kingdom. The mosque presents a simple yet elegant design, typical of religious buildings of that time, and is one of the few pieces of evidence of Islamic life in Ani.
Kars is a historical city in eastern Turkey, known for its strategic location, cultural heritage, and architecture from various historical periods. The city is a gateway to the Ani region and offers a combination of Ottoman, Armenian, and Russian influences reflected in churches, fortresses, and historical buildings. Kars is also famous for its market and local cuisine, where you can taste traditional Eastern Turkish specialties.
Before heading to the mountains in Ayder, you will see the old Armenian church in the center and then climb to the castle, from where you will have a nice view of the whole city. On the way to the Black Sea coast and the town of Ayder, you will photograph the mountain scenery.
The Kars Historical Area is the city's historic district, home to Kars Fortress, old churches, mosques, and traditional Ottoman houses. This part of the city offers visitors a comprehensive look at the region's cultural and architectural history, from Armenian and Ottoman influences to 19th-century Russian architecture.
The Church of the Holy Apostles is a historic Armenian church from the 10th–11th centuries, dedicated to the Twelve Apostles. The church is notable for its architecture with stone walls, arches, and decorative reliefs, typical of medieval Armenian buildings.
Kars Castle is the city's dominant fortress, with a history dating back to the medieval period and the Urartian era. The fortress served to defend the city and control the surrounding territory, and today it offers visitors breathtaking views of Kars and the surrounding mountains. The well-preserved walls, towers and gates offer an authentic view of the military architecture and strategy of past periods.
Kocabey Köyü Yaylası is a traditional Turkish mountain pasture (yayla) near Ayder, known for its picturesque scenery, green meadows, and surrounding mountains. The yayla offers an authentic view of pastoral life and the traditional village architecture of the Rize region. It is an ideal place for walking, photography, and relaxation in the middle of nature.
This roadside viewpoint offers panoramic views of the mountainous landscape, valleys, and villages of the Ayder region. It's an ideal spot for a short stop during a hike or road trip, where you can enjoy the natural scenery and photograph the surrounding mountains, forests, and pastures.
Ayder is a mountain resort in Rize province, known for its picturesque mountain scenery, green meadows and forests. The area is ideal for relaxation, hiking and exploring the traditional Karadeniz culture, including local villages and pastures (yaylas). Ayder is also popular for its hot springs, waterfalls and opportunities to taste local specialties, which add an authentic experience to the visit.
You'll spend part of the day walking in the countryside above Ayder and then head back to Trabzon.
Ayder Plateau is a well-known mountain location in the Turkish province of Rize, surrounded by dense forests, mountain meadows, and flowing streams. It is popular for hiking, relaxation, and tasting local cuisine, while also providing an authentic view of the traditional life of mountain villages and yaylas (pastures). The area is also known for its hot springs and picturesque waterfalls.
Take a walk through the town, check out the local shops, or have a meal at a restaurant.
Before heading to Trabzon, drive above Ayder and take a walk in the landscape with beautiful views. Galer Düzü is a picturesque plain or meadow near Ayder, known for its panoramic scenery, mountain views and tranquil atmosphere.
You can park, for example, at GPS: 40.92955111468233, 41.14303438539059, take a walk, have tea at local vendors and then head back to Trabzon.
You will reach the accommodation along the Black Sea.
Along the Black Sea, you will reach your accommodation in Trabzon.
You'll fly back home with your head full of amazing experiences from exploring eastern Turkey.
At the airport, return the car, go through the airport through security to your gate, and have a safe trip home. Don't forget to be at the airport 2 or 3 hours before departure.
Embark on a fascinating journey through eastern Turkey, where millennia-old civilizations, wild mountains, and endless layers of culture meet. You'll start from the Black Sea in Trabzon, passing through picturesque towns, historical monuments, and forgotten archaeological sites. You will walk through ancient bridges, tombs and temples, climb to the top of Nemrut Dağı, visit unique cities such as Mardin, Şanlıurfa and Van, discover Akdamar Island with its beautiful church, remarkable castles and ethnographic museums, and finally end your journey in Ani, the "city of 1001 churches", which is a unique testimony to ancient cultures.
Little-known eastern Turkey will surprise you not only with its nature and monuments, but also with the cordiality of the local people and their hospitality.
You will arrive in Trabzon, rent a car, and stay near the airport to be ready for the trip south the next day.
You will arrive in Trabzon, a city on the Black Sea coast, rent a car at the airport, and stay in a nearby neighborhood.
Through the Karanlık Canyon, you will reach the historical city of Kemaliye, where you will explore the old town. Afterwards, you will stay in Elâzığ.
If you like beautiful views with the possibility of taking pictures, stop by the road around the Euphrates River and then at the mosque, from where you will have a beautiful view of this river and the surrounding landscape.
The place with a view of the mosque and the Euphrates River is here.
Before the town of Kemaliye, you'll stop at viewpoints overlooking the Karanlık Canyon, where light and shadow mix in a dramatic display of rocks and water, and where you can observe and photograph the amazing scenery.
You will first stop at the beginning of Kemaliye, a picturesque town in eastern Anatolia, nestled in the deep valley of the Euphrates River (Fırat Nehri), where you will see the old houses along the road. It is famous for its historic stone houses, Ottoman-era stone bridges, and traditional crafts, especially cranberry sugar making and hand-woven fabrics. A walk through the old town offers views of narrow streets, the local bazaar, and views of the surrounding steep canyons.
You will go to the village of Apçağa, which is known for its traditional architecture and stone houses that reflect the style of the Eastern Anatolia region. The surrounding landscape offers peaceful valleys and views of the surrounding hills and mountains. A walk through the village and surrounding paths provides an authentic experience of the daily life of the local people.
You will arrive in Elâzığ by the end of the day, a historical city in the heart of eastern Anatolia, known for its Harput castle complex, ancient mosques, and traditional bazaars. Harput, originally a separate city, offers magnificent views of the city and the surrounding valley. Elâzığ is also a center of regional culture, folk music, and crafts.
Elazığ Grand Bazaar has been operating since 1928 and is one of the characteristic marketplaces of the city of Elazığ.
It is located on Gazi Paşa Boulevard in Elazığ. The construction of the mosque was undertaken by Hacı Ahmet İzzet Pasha, the governor of Elazığ during the Ottoman Empire era. It was completed in 1866.
You will arrive at the foot of the summit of Nemrut Dagi, and from there you will ascend to a small circuit with monuments of the ancient kingdom of Commagene.
Wind your way up to Nemrut Dağı (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), a famous peak in eastern Anatolia where huge stone statues of gods and kings of the ancient Kingdom of Commagene tower on the summit. This archaeological gem from the 1st century BC offers not only a view of fascinating reliefs and inscriptions, but also breathtaking sunrises and sunsets that create a magical atmosphere. The surrounding landscape with mountains and valleys is reminiscent of the region's ancient times and legends.
A short climb will first take you to the eastern terrace of Nemrut Dağı, which offers an impressive row of stone heads of gods and kings that once guarded the burial monument of the Kingdom of Commagene. Unlike the western terrace, there is an atmosphere of peace and greater isolation, ideal for observing the surrounding mountains and valleys. The terrace provides a fascinating close-up view of the sculptures as well as a panoramic view of the surrounding landscape.
Next, you will see the western terrace of Nemrut Dağı, a place where statues of gods and kings create a dramatic panoramic frame against the sunset. This sector provides a unique view of the monumental reliefs as well as the surrounding mountains and valleys that seem to stretch into infinity. The western terrace is ideal for photography, meditation, and sensing the atmosphere of the ancient kingdom of Commagene.
In the area where you spent the night, you will also visit an ancient city, one of the oldest bridges, and an old burial ground.
You will reach Arsameia, an ancient city and seat of the Commagene royal dynasty, built along the Nymphaios River. The site is known for its rock reliefs and inscriptions that tell the stories of kings and gods, as well as the remains of palaces and temples, offering a fascinating insight into the political and religious life of the ancient region. The archaeological sites on the mountain slopes provide panoramic views and a sense of connection to ancient history.
Cendere is one of the oldest surviving stone bridges in Anatolia, built during the reign of the Roman Emperor Lucius Septimius Severus in 198 AD. It connects both banks of the Cendere River and is unique for its stone blocks, reliefs, and inscriptions that reflect the cultural and religious history of the region.
A bit further along the road, Karakuş Tumulus awaits you, which is a massive burial mound complex built by the Commagene royal dynasty in honor of an important queen. It was built between 38–20 BC. It is characterized by its stone eagles and columns that guard the site and give it a majestic, almost mystical atmosphere. The Tumulus offers not only a view of ancient funerary architecture, but also panoramic views of the surrounding mountains and valleys.
Şanlıurfa, also known as Edessa, is a crossroads of history, legends, and culture. The city is famous for its historical bazaar, where the scent of spices, traditional crafts, and lively shops mingle. The old town offers stone streets, mosques, and traditional houses, which add an authentic atmosphere of ancient times.
Don't forget to visit the Rizvaniye and Halil-ur-Rahman mosques and stroll through the historical bazaar at sunset – the city's atmosphere is magical and poetic.
Rizvaniye Mosque is a historical Ottoman-era mosque that is one of Şanlıurfa's significant architectural landmarks. Its impressive minarets, traditional stonework, and courtyard reflect the serene, spiritual atmosphere of the place. The mosque is not only a religious center but also a testament to the cultural and historical continuity of the region.
The Halilurrahman Mosque is one of Şanlıurfa's most important mosques, known for its Ottoman-era architecture and connection to local legends. It is located near Balıklı Göl, a sacred carp pond, adding a special spiritual atmosphere to the entire site. The mosque is a place of prayer and meditation, where history and faith connect the past with the present.
On the way to Mardin, you will briefly turn off the main road and visit the Göbekli Tepe archaeological site and the historical Kasımiye Madrasah complex near Mardin.
Göbekli Tepe is one of the oldest known religious centers in the world, dating back to approximately the 10th–9th millennium BC. The vast complex of stone circles and monumental pillars with carved reliefs of animals shows that human civilization began building complex sacred sites even before the advent of agriculture. A visit to this place provides a fascinating insight into the ancient spiritual and cultural history of mankind.
The Kasımiye Madrasah is one of the most impressive historical complexes in Mardin, completed in the 16th century. The complex includes a courtyard, study rooms, and a mosque, illustrating the importance of education and religion in Ottoman Anatolia. The building is famous for its detailed stone ornamentation, robust vaulted ceilings, and architectural harmony, which gives the place a special majestic atmosphere.
Mardin is a historic city in southeastern Turkey, known for its stone architecture, narrow streets, and panoramic views of the Mesopotamian Valley. The city is a unique blend of cultures and religions: Syriac monasteries, mosques, and traditional houses give the feeling that time has stood still here. The historic center is ideal for leisurely walks, photography, and exploring local culture and crafts.
The streets of Mardin are narrow and crowded with cars, so it is best to park in the underground parking lot in the center.
You will have a full day to explore the historical city of Mardin, walk through the old town with its streets, mosques and stone buildings.
Mardin is a historical city in southeastern Turkey, known for its stone architecture, narrow streets, and panoramic views of the Mesopotamian Valley. The city is a unique blend of cultures and religions: Syrian monasteries, mosques, and traditional houses give the feeling that time has stopped here. The historic center is ideal for slow walks, photography, and exploring local culture and crafts. The Mardin area has been continuously inhabited since ancient times and was an important crossroads of trade routes between Mesopotamia, Anatolia, and Syria.
Ulu Camii is one of the most important mosques in Mardin, built in the 12th century and later expanded. Its robust stone architecture, historic minaret, and courtyard reflect the traditional style of southeastern Anatolia. The mosque is not only a religious center but also a symbol of the city's cultural continuity and a place where history intertwines with a spiritual atmosphere.
Kırklar Kilisesi, known as the Church of the Forty Martyrs, is a Syriac Orthodox church with a long history dating back to the early Christian period. It dates back to the mid-6th century. The interior of the church is decorated with murals and frescoes that tell biblical stories, and the church itself is a symbol of the rich Christian tradition in the Mardin region.
Surp Hovsep is an Armenian church in Mardin, representing the historical presence of the Armenian community in the region. It was built in 1894. The church stands out with its traditional architecture, stone details, and quiet atmosphere, offering insight into the spiritual life of local believers. The interior features historical iconography and frescoes that testify to the rich religious and cultural tradition.
Zinciriye Madrasa is a historical Islamic school from the 14th century, built during the Artuqid period. The madrasa combines architectural elegance, elaborate stone ornaments, and an inner courtyard, reflecting the building's traditional educational and spiritual function. The madrasa's terrace offers a panoramic view of the city and the Mesopotamian valley, giving the visit a poetic and inspiring touch.
You will visit the unique village of Mağaraköy nestled in the mountain landscape, a Syrian monastery, and, before sunset, the Hasankeyf cultural park on the banks of the Tigris River.
Mağaraköy is a small Yazidi village in the Turabdin region, known for its traditional stone houses and peaceful mountain scenery. The village offers an authentic glimpse into the daily life of the local people and is an ideal place for a quiet walk among the historic buildings and surrounding rocks. Its location in the hills provides picturesque views of the surrounding valley and traditional village architecture.
Mor Gabriel is one of the oldest still-active Syriac monasteries in the world, founded in 397 AD. The monastery is an important center of spiritual, cultural, and educational life for the local Syriac community. The complex includes churches, chapels, courtyards, and historic buildings, all decorated with traditional ornaments and frescoes. The surrounding landscape of hills and olive groves adds to the monastery's peaceful and contemplative atmosphere.
Hasankeyf New Cultural Park Area is a modern cultural park that was created as part of the protection and presentation of the historical city of Hasankeyf, which was partially flooded during the construction of the Ilısu Dam. The park offers reconstructions of historical buildings, information panels and viewing platforms that allow visitors to learn about the heritage of the city and its surroundings. It is a place where history meets the natural scenery of the Tigris River.
Zeynel Bey Tomb is a historical mausoleum from the 15th century, built during the Akkoyunlu period. The structure is characterized by stone architecture with delicate ornaments and traditional geometric motifs, which demonstrate the mastery of the builders of that time. The tomb is an important monument of the region and a symbol of the rich cultural and historical heritage of Hasankeyf.
On the way to Van, you will drive to the lake in place of a volcanic crater and admire the vast landscape.
Nemrut Caldera Nature Monument is a nature reserve and protected area around the volcanic crater of Mount Nemrut. The site is known for its unique volcanic landscape, crater lakes, and expansive viewpoints that offer dramatic views of the surrounding mountains and valleys. The reserve is ideal for hiking, photography, and nature watching, blending geological history with the picturesque scenery of eastern Anatolia.
A good road leads up, where you can stop and take pictures. Bears live by the lake, used to tourists, but caution is always advisable.
The Nemrut Dağı Crater is a remnant of volcanic activity that today offers a dramatic and surreal landscape among the mountains of eastern Anatolia. The surrounding area is surrounded by volcanic cones and vast valleys. The crater is also suitable for short hiking trails and photography.
It is recommended to head to the edge of the crater in the early morning light or before sunset, when the shadows and shapes of the volcanic landscape create dramatic views.
You will reach the harbor, from where you can take a boat to Akdamar Island, where the Armenian Church of Surp Khach and a view of Lake Van and the surrounding mountains await you.
You arrive at the harbor and buy a boat ticket to Akdamar Island on the spot. There is no official timetable. The boat leaves as soon as there are enough people. Take advantage of boat transportation early in the morning or at sunset, when the light is ideal for photography and a quieter tour.
Akdamar Island is located on Lake Van and is famous for the 10th-century Armenian Church of the Holy Cross (Surp Khach), a magnificent example of Armenian architecture. The island also offers picturesque views of the lake and surrounding mountains, a peaceful atmosphere and the opportunity to walk around the historic walls of the church.
Akdamar Church is an iconic 10th-century Armenian church, known for its richly carved stone reliefs and frescoes depicting biblical stories. The church represents the pinnacle of Armenian architecture and art and is a symbol of the historical and spiritual heritage of the Van region. The surrounding island environment provides tranquility and panoramic views of Lake Van and the mountain ranges.
Explore the details of the reliefs and frescoes inside the church, sit outside, and walk a little way up behind the church to the lookout point to see beautiful views of the lake and the surrounding landscape.
Çavuştepe Fortress is a historical fortress from the Urartian period (9th–6th centuries BC), located on a hill overlooking Lake Van. The fortress served to protect the strategic territory and administer the surrounding areas, and remains of walls, residential blocks, and a water system are still visible today. The site offers panoramic views of Lake Van and the surrounding mountains.
Hoşap Castle is an imposing 17th-century fortress, built on a rocky promontory above the Hoşap River. The fortress was a strategic center of the region and served to protect trade routes and local villages. Its massive stone walls, towers and courtyards demonstrate the mastery of the architecture of the time and provide panoramic views of the valley and surrounding mountains.
You can park in a small parking lot when you drive up the road.
You will see the city of Van - an interesting museum, Van Fortress and walk in the center.
Van is a historic city on the shore of Lake Van, the largest lake in Turkey. The city is known for its ancient fortress, Armenian architecture, and vibrant market atmosphere, which gives the place an authentic character. Van is also a gateway to surrounding historical and natural monuments such as Akdamar Island, Çavuştepe Fortress, or Hoşap Fortress.
The Museum of Archeology and Ethnography in Van offers a fascinating insight into the history and culture of Eastern Anatolia, from the Urartu period to modern times. Exhibits include archaeological finds, ceramics, tools, sculptures, and traditional costumes that illustrate the daily life and spiritual practices of local communities. The museum is ideal for those who want to understand the historical context of the region and its rich cultural heritage.
Van Fortress is an impressive site on the shore of Lake Van, with a history dating back to the Urartian civilization (9th-6th centuries BC). The fortress was a strategic center of the region and served to defend against invaders and administer the surrounding territories. The preserved ramparts, towers and gates allow visitors to glimpse into the military and political history of the area. The castle offers a panoramic view of the city of Van and the lake.
You can get to the top from the parking lot at the entrance with a light walk around the mosque to the back, where you will see an impressive view of the city.
You will stop at the Ishak Pasha Palace and drive to the ancient city of Ani, one of the unique places in eastern Turkey.
İshak Pasha Palace is a monumental palace from the 17th and 18th centuries, combining Ottoman, Persian, and Armenian architecture. The palace includes courtyards, a mosque, a harem, and administrative spaces, all adorned with elaborate stone reliefs and ornaments. It is a symbol of the wealth and power of local rulers and offers a fascinating insight into the life of the aristocracy in Anatolia.
Near the village of Kavaktepe, you can stop on the driveway and observe and photograph Mount Ararat in combination with the local mosque from there.
Ani is a fascinating archeological city on the borders of Turkey and Armenia, known as the 'city of a thousand and one churches'. The city was the center of the Armenian kingdom in the 10th-11th centuries, and its ruins today include churches, monasteries, fortresses and walls, which testify to the former prosperity and cultural power. Ani is a symbol of medieval architecture, religious history and strategic importance of the region.
The Church of the Holy Redeemer, also known as Surp Amenap’rkich, is one of the most important churches in the ancient city of Ani. The structure dates from the 10th-11th centuries and represents a typical example of Armenian medieval architecture, with massive stone walls, arches, and remnants of decorative reliefs.
The Cathedral of Ani dominates the ancient city, built in the 10th century as the main church of the Armenian kingdom. The structure is a typical example of Armenian medieval architecture, with impressive stone remains, massive walls, and elegant arches.
The Monastery of Hripsimean Virgins is a historic Armenian monastery in Ani, dedicated to the holy virgins Hripsime. The monastery is one of the city's important religious buildings and showcases the architecture of Armenian monasteries from the 10th-11th centuries, including the remains of a church, chapels, and defensive walls.
St. Gregory Church, also known as Abughamrents Church, is a historic Armenian church dating from the 10th-11th centuries. The church is significant for its architecture typical of Armenian medieval buildings, with stone walls, arches, and remnants of decorative reliefs.
The Church of St. Gregory of Gagik is an Armenian church built during the reign of King Gagik I in the 11th century. The church is significant for its architecture, which combines robust stone walls with elegant arches and decorative reliefs, typical of Armenian medieval buildings.
The Ebul Manucehr Mosque is a historic mosque in Ani, built during the medieval period, showcasing the architecture of early Islamic structures in the Armenian Kingdom. The mosque presents a simple yet elegant design, typical of religious buildings of that time, and is one of the few pieces of evidence of Islamic life in Ani.
Kars is a historical city in eastern Turkey, known for its strategic location, cultural heritage, and architecture from various historical periods. The city is a gateway to the Ani region and offers a combination of Ottoman, Armenian, and Russian influences reflected in churches, fortresses, and historical buildings. Kars is also famous for its market and local cuisine, where you can taste traditional Eastern Turkish specialties.
Before heading to the mountains in Ayder, you will see the old Armenian church in the center and then climb to the castle, from where you will have a nice view of the whole city. On the way to the Black Sea coast and the town of Ayder, you will photograph the mountain scenery.
The Kars Historical Area is the city's historic district, home to Kars Fortress, old churches, mosques, and traditional Ottoman houses. This part of the city offers visitors a comprehensive look at the region's cultural and architectural history, from Armenian and Ottoman influences to 19th-century Russian architecture.
The Church of the Holy Apostles is a historic Armenian church from the 10th–11th centuries, dedicated to the Twelve Apostles. The church is notable for its architecture with stone walls, arches, and decorative reliefs, typical of medieval Armenian buildings.
Kars Castle is the city's dominant fortress, with a history dating back to the medieval period and the Urartian era. The fortress served to defend the city and control the surrounding territory, and today it offers visitors breathtaking views of Kars and the surrounding mountains. The well-preserved walls, towers and gates offer an authentic view of the military architecture and strategy of past periods.
Kocabey Köyü Yaylası is a traditional Turkish mountain pasture (yayla) near Ayder, known for its picturesque scenery, green meadows, and surrounding mountains. The yayla offers an authentic view of pastoral life and the traditional village architecture of the Rize region. It is an ideal place for walking, photography, and relaxation in the middle of nature.
This roadside viewpoint offers panoramic views of the mountainous landscape, valleys, and villages of the Ayder region. It's an ideal spot for a short stop during a hike or road trip, where you can enjoy the natural scenery and photograph the surrounding mountains, forests, and pastures.
Ayder is a mountain resort in Rize province, known for its picturesque mountain scenery, green meadows and forests. The area is ideal for relaxation, hiking and exploring the traditional Karadeniz culture, including local villages and pastures (yaylas). Ayder is also popular for its hot springs, waterfalls and opportunities to taste local specialties, which add an authentic experience to the visit.
You'll spend part of the day walking in the countryside above Ayder and then head back to Trabzon.
Ayder Plateau is a well-known mountain location in the Turkish province of Rize, surrounded by dense forests, mountain meadows, and flowing streams. It is popular for hiking, relaxation, and tasting local cuisine, while also providing an authentic view of the traditional life of mountain villages and yaylas (pastures). The area is also known for its hot springs and picturesque waterfalls.
Take a walk through the town, check out the local shops, or have a meal at a restaurant.
Before heading to Trabzon, drive above Ayder and take a walk in the landscape with beautiful views. Galer Düzü is a picturesque plain or meadow near Ayder, known for its panoramic scenery, mountain views and tranquil atmosphere.
You can park, for example, at GPS: 40.92955111468233, 41.14303438539059, take a walk, have tea at local vendors and then head back to Trabzon.
You will reach the accommodation along the Black Sea.
Along the Black Sea, you will reach your accommodation in Trabzon.
You'll fly back home with your head full of amazing experiences from exploring eastern Turkey.
At the airport, return the car, go through the airport through security to your gate, and have a safe trip home. Don't forget to be at the airport 2 or 3 hours before departure.
itinerary by Roman Rogner
The adventure awaits
Embark on a fascinating journey through eastern Turkey, where millennia-old civilizations, wild mountains, and endless layers of culture meet. You'll start from the Black Sea in Trabzon, passing through picturesque towns, historical monuments, and forgotten archaeological sites. You will walk through ancient bridges, tombs and temples, climb to the top of Nemrut Dağı, visit unique cities such as Mardin, Şanlıurfa and Van, discover Akdamar Island with its beautiful church, remarkable castles and ethnographic museums, and finally end your journey in Ani, the "city of 1001 churches", which is a unique testimony to ancient cultures.
Little-known eastern Turkey will surprise you not only with its nature and monuments, but also with the cordiality of the local people and their hospitality.
You will arrive in Trabzon, rent a car, and stay near the airport to be ready for the trip south the next day.
You will arrive in Trabzon, a city on the Black Sea coast, rent a car at the airport, and stay in a nearby neighborhood.
Through the Karanlık Canyon, you will reach the historical city of Kemaliye, where you will explore the old town. Afterwards, you will stay in Elâzığ.
If you like beautiful views with the possibility of taking pictures, stop by the road around the Euphrates River and then at the mosque, from where you will have a beautiful view of this river and the surrounding landscape.
The place with a view of the mosque and the Euphrates River is here.
Before the town of Kemaliye, you'll stop at viewpoints overlooking the Karanlık Canyon, where light and shadow mix in a dramatic display of rocks and water, and where you can observe and photograph the amazing scenery.
You will first stop at the beginning of Kemaliye, a picturesque town in eastern Anatolia, nestled in the deep valley of the Euphrates River (Fırat Nehri), where you will see the old houses along the road. It is famous for its historic stone houses, Ottoman-era stone bridges, and traditional crafts, especially cranberry sugar making and hand-woven fabrics. A walk through the old town offers views of narrow streets, the local bazaar, and views of the surrounding steep canyons.
You will go to the village of Apçağa, which is known for its traditional architecture and stone houses that reflect the style of the Eastern Anatolia region. The surrounding landscape offers peaceful valleys and views of the surrounding hills and mountains. A walk through the village and surrounding paths provides an authentic experience of the daily life of the local people.
You will arrive in Elâzığ by the end of the day, a historical city in the heart of eastern Anatolia, known for its Harput castle complex, ancient mosques, and traditional bazaars. Harput, originally a separate city, offers magnificent views of the city and the surrounding valley. Elâzığ is also a center of regional culture, folk music, and crafts.
Elazığ Grand Bazaar has been operating since 1928 and is one of the characteristic marketplaces of the city of Elazığ.
It is located on Gazi Paşa Boulevard in Elazığ. The construction of the mosque was undertaken by Hacı Ahmet İzzet Pasha, the governor of Elazığ during the Ottoman Empire era. It was completed in 1866.
You will arrive at the foot of the summit of Nemrut Dagi, and from there you will ascend to a small circuit with monuments of the ancient kingdom of Commagene.
Wind your way up to Nemrut Dağı (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), a famous peak in eastern Anatolia where huge stone statues of gods and kings of the ancient Kingdom of Commagene tower on the summit. This archaeological gem from the 1st century BC offers not only a view of fascinating reliefs and inscriptions, but also breathtaking sunrises and sunsets that create a magical atmosphere. The surrounding landscape with mountains and valleys is reminiscent of the region's ancient times and legends.
A short climb will first take you to the eastern terrace of Nemrut Dağı, which offers an impressive row of stone heads of gods and kings that once guarded the burial monument of the Kingdom of Commagene. Unlike the western terrace, there is an atmosphere of peace and greater isolation, ideal for observing the surrounding mountains and valleys. The terrace provides a fascinating close-up view of the sculptures as well as a panoramic view of the surrounding landscape.
Next, you will see the western terrace of Nemrut Dağı, a place where statues of gods and kings create a dramatic panoramic frame against the sunset. This sector provides a unique view of the monumental reliefs as well as the surrounding mountains and valleys that seem to stretch into infinity. The western terrace is ideal for photography, meditation, and sensing the atmosphere of the ancient kingdom of Commagene.
In the area where you spent the night, you will also visit an ancient city, one of the oldest bridges, and an old burial ground.
You will reach Arsameia, an ancient city and seat of the Commagene royal dynasty, built along the Nymphaios River. The site is known for its rock reliefs and inscriptions that tell the stories of kings and gods, as well as the remains of palaces and temples, offering a fascinating insight into the political and religious life of the ancient region. The archaeological sites on the mountain slopes provide panoramic views and a sense of connection to ancient history.
Cendere is one of the oldest surviving stone bridges in Anatolia, built during the reign of the Roman Emperor Lucius Septimius Severus in 198 AD. It connects both banks of the Cendere River and is unique for its stone blocks, reliefs, and inscriptions that reflect the cultural and religious history of the region.
A bit further along the road, Karakuş Tumulus awaits you, which is a massive burial mound complex built by the Commagene royal dynasty in honor of an important queen. It was built between 38–20 BC. It is characterized by its stone eagles and columns that guard the site and give it a majestic, almost mystical atmosphere. The Tumulus offers not only a view of ancient funerary architecture, but also panoramic views of the surrounding mountains and valleys.
Şanlıurfa, also known as Edessa, is a crossroads of history, legends, and culture. The city is famous for its historical bazaar, where the scent of spices, traditional crafts, and lively shops mingle. The old town offers stone streets, mosques, and traditional houses, which add an authentic atmosphere of ancient times.
Don't forget to visit the Rizvaniye and Halil-ur-Rahman mosques and stroll through the historical bazaar at sunset – the city's atmosphere is magical and poetic.
Rizvaniye Mosque is a historical Ottoman-era mosque that is one of Şanlıurfa's significant architectural landmarks. Its impressive minarets, traditional stonework, and courtyard reflect the serene, spiritual atmosphere of the place. The mosque is not only a religious center but also a testament to the cultural and historical continuity of the region.
The Halilurrahman Mosque is one of Şanlıurfa's most important mosques, known for its Ottoman-era architecture and connection to local legends. It is located near Balıklı Göl, a sacred carp pond, adding a special spiritual atmosphere to the entire site. The mosque is a place of prayer and meditation, where history and faith connect the past with the present.
On the way to Mardin, you will briefly turn off the main road and visit the Göbekli Tepe archaeological site and the historical Kasımiye Madrasah complex near Mardin.
Göbekli Tepe is one of the oldest known religious centers in the world, dating back to approximately the 10th–9th millennium BC. The vast complex of stone circles and monumental pillars with carved reliefs of animals shows that human civilization began building complex sacred sites even before the advent of agriculture. A visit to this place provides a fascinating insight into the ancient spiritual and cultural history of mankind.
The Kasımiye Madrasah is one of the most impressive historical complexes in Mardin, completed in the 16th century. The complex includes a courtyard, study rooms, and a mosque, illustrating the importance of education and religion in Ottoman Anatolia. The building is famous for its detailed stone ornamentation, robust vaulted ceilings, and architectural harmony, which gives the place a special majestic atmosphere.
Mardin is a historic city in southeastern Turkey, known for its stone architecture, narrow streets, and panoramic views of the Mesopotamian Valley. The city is a unique blend of cultures and religions: Syriac monasteries, mosques, and traditional houses give the feeling that time has stood still here. The historic center is ideal for leisurely walks, photography, and exploring local culture and crafts.
The streets of Mardin are narrow and crowded with cars, so it is best to park in the underground parking lot in the center.
You will have a full day to explore the historical city of Mardin, walk through the old town with its streets, mosques and stone buildings.
Mardin is a historical city in southeastern Turkey, known for its stone architecture, narrow streets, and panoramic views of the Mesopotamian Valley. The city is a unique blend of cultures and religions: Syrian monasteries, mosques, and traditional houses give the feeling that time has stopped here. The historic center is ideal for slow walks, photography, and exploring local culture and crafts. The Mardin area has been continuously inhabited since ancient times and was an important crossroads of trade routes between Mesopotamia, Anatolia, and Syria.
Ulu Camii is one of the most important mosques in Mardin, built in the 12th century and later expanded. Its robust stone architecture, historic minaret, and courtyard reflect the traditional style of southeastern Anatolia. The mosque is not only a religious center but also a symbol of the city's cultural continuity and a place where history intertwines with a spiritual atmosphere.
Kırklar Kilisesi, known as the Church of the Forty Martyrs, is a Syriac Orthodox church with a long history dating back to the early Christian period. It dates back to the mid-6th century. The interior of the church is decorated with murals and frescoes that tell biblical stories, and the church itself is a symbol of the rich Christian tradition in the Mardin region.
Surp Hovsep is an Armenian church in Mardin, representing the historical presence of the Armenian community in the region. It was built in 1894. The church stands out with its traditional architecture, stone details, and quiet atmosphere, offering insight into the spiritual life of local believers. The interior features historical iconography and frescoes that testify to the rich religious and cultural tradition.
Zinciriye Madrasa is a historical Islamic school from the 14th century, built during the Artuqid period. The madrasa combines architectural elegance, elaborate stone ornaments, and an inner courtyard, reflecting the building's traditional educational and spiritual function. The madrasa's terrace offers a panoramic view of the city and the Mesopotamian valley, giving the visit a poetic and inspiring touch.
You will visit the unique village of Mağaraköy nestled in the mountain landscape, a Syrian monastery, and, before sunset, the Hasankeyf cultural park on the banks of the Tigris River.
Mağaraköy is a small Yazidi village in the Turabdin region, known for its traditional stone houses and peaceful mountain scenery. The village offers an authentic glimpse into the daily life of the local people and is an ideal place for a quiet walk among the historic buildings and surrounding rocks. Its location in the hills provides picturesque views of the surrounding valley and traditional village architecture.
Mor Gabriel is one of the oldest still-active Syriac monasteries in the world, founded in 397 AD. The monastery is an important center of spiritual, cultural, and educational life for the local Syriac community. The complex includes churches, chapels, courtyards, and historic buildings, all decorated with traditional ornaments and frescoes. The surrounding landscape of hills and olive groves adds to the monastery's peaceful and contemplative atmosphere.
Hasankeyf New Cultural Park Area is a modern cultural park that was created as part of the protection and presentation of the historical city of Hasankeyf, which was partially flooded during the construction of the Ilısu Dam. The park offers reconstructions of historical buildings, information panels and viewing platforms that allow visitors to learn about the heritage of the city and its surroundings. It is a place where history meets the natural scenery of the Tigris River.
Zeynel Bey Tomb is a historical mausoleum from the 15th century, built during the Akkoyunlu period. The structure is characterized by stone architecture with delicate ornaments and traditional geometric motifs, which demonstrate the mastery of the builders of that time. The tomb is an important monument of the region and a symbol of the rich cultural and historical heritage of Hasankeyf.
On the way to Van, you will drive to the lake in place of a volcanic crater and admire the vast landscape.
Nemrut Caldera Nature Monument is a nature reserve and protected area around the volcanic crater of Mount Nemrut. The site is known for its unique volcanic landscape, crater lakes, and expansive viewpoints that offer dramatic views of the surrounding mountains and valleys. The reserve is ideal for hiking, photography, and nature watching, blending geological history with the picturesque scenery of eastern Anatolia.
A good road leads up, where you can stop and take pictures. Bears live by the lake, used to tourists, but caution is always advisable.
The Nemrut Dağı Crater is a remnant of volcanic activity that today offers a dramatic and surreal landscape among the mountains of eastern Anatolia. The surrounding area is surrounded by volcanic cones and vast valleys. The crater is also suitable for short hiking trails and photography.
It is recommended to head to the edge of the crater in the early morning light or before sunset, when the shadows and shapes of the volcanic landscape create dramatic views.
You will reach the harbor, from where you can take a boat to Akdamar Island, where the Armenian Church of Surp Khach and a view of Lake Van and the surrounding mountains await you.
You arrive at the harbor and buy a boat ticket to Akdamar Island on the spot. There is no official timetable. The boat leaves as soon as there are enough people. Take advantage of boat transportation early in the morning or at sunset, when the light is ideal for photography and a quieter tour.
Akdamar Island is located on Lake Van and is famous for the 10th-century Armenian Church of the Holy Cross (Surp Khach), a magnificent example of Armenian architecture. The island also offers picturesque views of the lake and surrounding mountains, a peaceful atmosphere and the opportunity to walk around the historic walls of the church.
Akdamar Church is an iconic 10th-century Armenian church, known for its richly carved stone reliefs and frescoes depicting biblical stories. The church represents the pinnacle of Armenian architecture and art and is a symbol of the historical and spiritual heritage of the Van region. The surrounding island environment provides tranquility and panoramic views of Lake Van and the mountain ranges.
Explore the details of the reliefs and frescoes inside the church, sit outside, and walk a little way up behind the church to the lookout point to see beautiful views of the lake and the surrounding landscape.
Çavuştepe Fortress is a historical fortress from the Urartian period (9th–6th centuries BC), located on a hill overlooking Lake Van. The fortress served to protect the strategic territory and administer the surrounding areas, and remains of walls, residential blocks, and a water system are still visible today. The site offers panoramic views of Lake Van and the surrounding mountains.
Hoşap Castle is an imposing 17th-century fortress, built on a rocky promontory above the Hoşap River. The fortress was a strategic center of the region and served to protect trade routes and local villages. Its massive stone walls, towers and courtyards demonstrate the mastery of the architecture of the time and provide panoramic views of the valley and surrounding mountains.
You can park in a small parking lot when you drive up the road.
You will see the city of Van - an interesting museum, Van Fortress and walk in the center.
Van is a historic city on the shore of Lake Van, the largest lake in Turkey. The city is known for its ancient fortress, Armenian architecture, and vibrant market atmosphere, which gives the place an authentic character. Van is also a gateway to surrounding historical and natural monuments such as Akdamar Island, Çavuştepe Fortress, or Hoşap Fortress.
The Museum of Archeology and Ethnography in Van offers a fascinating insight into the history and culture of Eastern Anatolia, from the Urartu period to modern times. Exhibits include archaeological finds, ceramics, tools, sculptures, and traditional costumes that illustrate the daily life and spiritual practices of local communities. The museum is ideal for those who want to understand the historical context of the region and its rich cultural heritage.
Van Fortress is an impressive site on the shore of Lake Van, with a history dating back to the Urartian civilization (9th-6th centuries BC). The fortress was a strategic center of the region and served to defend against invaders and administer the surrounding territories. The preserved ramparts, towers and gates allow visitors to glimpse into the military and political history of the area. The castle offers a panoramic view of the city of Van and the lake.
You can get to the top from the parking lot at the entrance with a light walk around the mosque to the back, where you will see an impressive view of the city.
You will stop at the Ishak Pasha Palace and drive to the ancient city of Ani, one of the unique places in eastern Turkey.
İshak Pasha Palace is a monumental palace from the 17th and 18th centuries, combining Ottoman, Persian, and Armenian architecture. The palace includes courtyards, a mosque, a harem, and administrative spaces, all adorned with elaborate stone reliefs and ornaments. It is a symbol of the wealth and power of local rulers and offers a fascinating insight into the life of the aristocracy in Anatolia.
Near the village of Kavaktepe, you can stop on the driveway and observe and photograph Mount Ararat in combination with the local mosque from there.
Ani is a fascinating archeological city on the borders of Turkey and Armenia, known as the 'city of a thousand and one churches'. The city was the center of the Armenian kingdom in the 10th-11th centuries, and its ruins today include churches, monasteries, fortresses and walls, which testify to the former prosperity and cultural power. Ani is a symbol of medieval architecture, religious history and strategic importance of the region.
The Church of the Holy Redeemer, also known as Surp Amenap’rkich, is one of the most important churches in the ancient city of Ani. The structure dates from the 10th-11th centuries and represents a typical example of Armenian medieval architecture, with massive stone walls, arches, and remnants of decorative reliefs.
The Cathedral of Ani dominates the ancient city, built in the 10th century as the main church of the Armenian kingdom. The structure is a typical example of Armenian medieval architecture, with impressive stone remains, massive walls, and elegant arches.
The Monastery of Hripsimean Virgins is a historic Armenian monastery in Ani, dedicated to the holy virgins Hripsime. The monastery is one of the city's important religious buildings and showcases the architecture of Armenian monasteries from the 10th-11th centuries, including the remains of a church, chapels, and defensive walls.
St. Gregory Church, also known as Abughamrents Church, is a historic Armenian church dating from the 10th-11th centuries. The church is significant for its architecture typical of Armenian medieval buildings, with stone walls, arches, and remnants of decorative reliefs.
The Church of St. Gregory of Gagik is an Armenian church built during the reign of King Gagik I in the 11th century. The church is significant for its architecture, which combines robust stone walls with elegant arches and decorative reliefs, typical of Armenian medieval buildings.
The Ebul Manucehr Mosque is a historic mosque in Ani, built during the medieval period, showcasing the architecture of early Islamic structures in the Armenian Kingdom. The mosque presents a simple yet elegant design, typical of religious buildings of that time, and is one of the few pieces of evidence of Islamic life in Ani.
Kars is a historical city in eastern Turkey, known for its strategic location, cultural heritage, and architecture from various historical periods. The city is a gateway to the Ani region and offers a combination of Ottoman, Armenian, and Russian influences reflected in churches, fortresses, and historical buildings. Kars is also famous for its market and local cuisine, where you can taste traditional Eastern Turkish specialties.
Before heading to the mountains in Ayder, you will see the old Armenian church in the center and then climb to the castle, from where you will have a nice view of the whole city. On the way to the Black Sea coast and the town of Ayder, you will photograph the mountain scenery.
The Kars Historical Area is the city's historic district, home to Kars Fortress, old churches, mosques, and traditional Ottoman houses. This part of the city offers visitors a comprehensive look at the region's cultural and architectural history, from Armenian and Ottoman influences to 19th-century Russian architecture.
The Church of the Holy Apostles is a historic Armenian church from the 10th–11th centuries, dedicated to the Twelve Apostles. The church is notable for its architecture with stone walls, arches, and decorative reliefs, typical of medieval Armenian buildings.
Kars Castle is the city's dominant fortress, with a history dating back to the medieval period and the Urartian era. The fortress served to defend the city and control the surrounding territory, and today it offers visitors breathtaking views of Kars and the surrounding mountains. The well-preserved walls, towers and gates offer an authentic view of the military architecture and strategy of past periods.
Kocabey Köyü Yaylası is a traditional Turkish mountain pasture (yayla) near Ayder, known for its picturesque scenery, green meadows, and surrounding mountains. The yayla offers an authentic view of pastoral life and the traditional village architecture of the Rize region. It is an ideal place for walking, photography, and relaxation in the middle of nature.
This roadside viewpoint offers panoramic views of the mountainous landscape, valleys, and villages of the Ayder region. It's an ideal spot for a short stop during a hike or road trip, where you can enjoy the natural scenery and photograph the surrounding mountains, forests, and pastures.
Ayder is a mountain resort in Rize province, known for its picturesque mountain scenery, green meadows and forests. The area is ideal for relaxation, hiking and exploring the traditional Karadeniz culture, including local villages and pastures (yaylas). Ayder is also popular for its hot springs, waterfalls and opportunities to taste local specialties, which add an authentic experience to the visit.
You'll spend part of the day walking in the countryside above Ayder and then head back to Trabzon.
Ayder Plateau is a well-known mountain location in the Turkish province of Rize, surrounded by dense forests, mountain meadows, and flowing streams. It is popular for hiking, relaxation, and tasting local cuisine, while also providing an authentic view of the traditional life of mountain villages and yaylas (pastures). The area is also known for its hot springs and picturesque waterfalls.
Take a walk through the town, check out the local shops, or have a meal at a restaurant.
Before heading to Trabzon, drive above Ayder and take a walk in the landscape with beautiful views. Galer Düzü is a picturesque plain or meadow near Ayder, known for its panoramic scenery, mountain views and tranquil atmosphere.
You can park, for example, at GPS: 40.92955111468233, 41.14303438539059, take a walk, have tea at local vendors and then head back to Trabzon.
You will reach the accommodation along the Black Sea.
Along the Black Sea, you will reach your accommodation in Trabzon.
You'll fly back home with your head full of amazing experiences from exploring eastern Turkey.
At the airport, return the car, go through the airport through security to your gate, and have a safe trip home. Don't forget to be at the airport 2 or 3 hours before departure.
Embark on a fascinating journey through eastern Turkey, where millennia-old civilizations, wild mountains, and endless layers of culture meet. You'll start from the Black Sea in Trabzon, passing through picturesque towns, historical monuments, and forgotten archaeological sites. You will walk through ancient bridges, tombs and temples, climb to the top of Nemrut Dağı, visit unique cities such as Mardin, Şanlıurfa and Van, discover Akdamar Island with its beautiful church, remarkable castles and ethnographic museums, and finally end your journey in Ani, the "city of 1001 churches", which is a unique testimony to ancient cultures.
Little-known eastern Turkey will surprise you not only with its nature and monuments, but also with the cordiality of the local people and their hospitality.
You will arrive in Trabzon, rent a car, and stay near the airport to be ready for the trip south the next day.
You will arrive in Trabzon, a city on the Black Sea coast, rent a car at the airport, and stay in a nearby neighborhood.
Through the Karanlık Canyon, you will reach the historical city of Kemaliye, where you will explore the old town. Afterwards, you will stay in Elâzığ.
If you like beautiful views with the possibility of taking pictures, stop by the road around the Euphrates River and then at the mosque, from where you will have a beautiful view of this river and the surrounding landscape.
The place with a view of the mosque and the Euphrates River is here.
Before the town of Kemaliye, you'll stop at viewpoints overlooking the Karanlık Canyon, where light and shadow mix in a dramatic display of rocks and water, and where you can observe and photograph the amazing scenery.
You will first stop at the beginning of Kemaliye, a picturesque town in eastern Anatolia, nestled in the deep valley of the Euphrates River (Fırat Nehri), where you will see the old houses along the road. It is famous for its historic stone houses, Ottoman-era stone bridges, and traditional crafts, especially cranberry sugar making and hand-woven fabrics. A walk through the old town offers views of narrow streets, the local bazaar, and views of the surrounding steep canyons.
You will go to the village of Apçağa, which is known for its traditional architecture and stone houses that reflect the style of the Eastern Anatolia region. The surrounding landscape offers peaceful valleys and views of the surrounding hills and mountains. A walk through the village and surrounding paths provides an authentic experience of the daily life of the local people.
You will arrive in Elâzığ by the end of the day, a historical city in the heart of eastern Anatolia, known for its Harput castle complex, ancient mosques, and traditional bazaars. Harput, originally a separate city, offers magnificent views of the city and the surrounding valley. Elâzığ is also a center of regional culture, folk music, and crafts.
Elazığ Grand Bazaar has been operating since 1928 and is one of the characteristic marketplaces of the city of Elazığ.
It is located on Gazi Paşa Boulevard in Elazığ. The construction of the mosque was undertaken by Hacı Ahmet İzzet Pasha, the governor of Elazığ during the Ottoman Empire era. It was completed in 1866.
You will arrive at the foot of the summit of Nemrut Dagi, and from there you will ascend to a small circuit with monuments of the ancient kingdom of Commagene.
Wind your way up to Nemrut Dağı (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), a famous peak in eastern Anatolia where huge stone statues of gods and kings of the ancient Kingdom of Commagene tower on the summit. This archaeological gem from the 1st century BC offers not only a view of fascinating reliefs and inscriptions, but also breathtaking sunrises and sunsets that create a magical atmosphere. The surrounding landscape with mountains and valleys is reminiscent of the region's ancient times and legends.
A short climb will first take you to the eastern terrace of Nemrut Dağı, which offers an impressive row of stone heads of gods and kings that once guarded the burial monument of the Kingdom of Commagene. Unlike the western terrace, there is an atmosphere of peace and greater isolation, ideal for observing the surrounding mountains and valleys. The terrace provides a fascinating close-up view of the sculptures as well as a panoramic view of the surrounding landscape.
Next, you will see the western terrace of Nemrut Dağı, a place where statues of gods and kings create a dramatic panoramic frame against the sunset. This sector provides a unique view of the monumental reliefs as well as the surrounding mountains and valleys that seem to stretch into infinity. The western terrace is ideal for photography, meditation, and sensing the atmosphere of the ancient kingdom of Commagene.
In the area where you spent the night, you will also visit an ancient city, one of the oldest bridges, and an old burial ground.
You will reach Arsameia, an ancient city and seat of the Commagene royal dynasty, built along the Nymphaios River. The site is known for its rock reliefs and inscriptions that tell the stories of kings and gods, as well as the remains of palaces and temples, offering a fascinating insight into the political and religious life of the ancient region. The archaeological sites on the mountain slopes provide panoramic views and a sense of connection to ancient history.
Cendere is one of the oldest surviving stone bridges in Anatolia, built during the reign of the Roman Emperor Lucius Septimius Severus in 198 AD. It connects both banks of the Cendere River and is unique for its stone blocks, reliefs, and inscriptions that reflect the cultural and religious history of the region.
A bit further along the road, Karakuş Tumulus awaits you, which is a massive burial mound complex built by the Commagene royal dynasty in honor of an important queen. It was built between 38–20 BC. It is characterized by its stone eagles and columns that guard the site and give it a majestic, almost mystical atmosphere. The Tumulus offers not only a view of ancient funerary architecture, but also panoramic views of the surrounding mountains and valleys.
Şanlıurfa, also known as Edessa, is a crossroads of history, legends, and culture. The city is famous for its historical bazaar, where the scent of spices, traditional crafts, and lively shops mingle. The old town offers stone streets, mosques, and traditional houses, which add an authentic atmosphere of ancient times.
Don't forget to visit the Rizvaniye and Halil-ur-Rahman mosques and stroll through the historical bazaar at sunset – the city's atmosphere is magical and poetic.
Rizvaniye Mosque is a historical Ottoman-era mosque that is one of Şanlıurfa's significant architectural landmarks. Its impressive minarets, traditional stonework, and courtyard reflect the serene, spiritual atmosphere of the place. The mosque is not only a religious center but also a testament to the cultural and historical continuity of the region.
The Halilurrahman Mosque is one of Şanlıurfa's most important mosques, known for its Ottoman-era architecture and connection to local legends. It is located near Balıklı Göl, a sacred carp pond, adding a special spiritual atmosphere to the entire site. The mosque is a place of prayer and meditation, where history and faith connect the past with the present.
On the way to Mardin, you will briefly turn off the main road and visit the Göbekli Tepe archaeological site and the historical Kasımiye Madrasah complex near Mardin.
Göbekli Tepe is one of the oldest known religious centers in the world, dating back to approximately the 10th–9th millennium BC. The vast complex of stone circles and monumental pillars with carved reliefs of animals shows that human civilization began building complex sacred sites even before the advent of agriculture. A visit to this place provides a fascinating insight into the ancient spiritual and cultural history of mankind.
The Kasımiye Madrasah is one of the most impressive historical complexes in Mardin, completed in the 16th century. The complex includes a courtyard, study rooms, and a mosque, illustrating the importance of education and religion in Ottoman Anatolia. The building is famous for its detailed stone ornamentation, robust vaulted ceilings, and architectural harmony, which gives the place a special majestic atmosphere.
Mardin is a historic city in southeastern Turkey, known for its stone architecture, narrow streets, and panoramic views of the Mesopotamian Valley. The city is a unique blend of cultures and religions: Syriac monasteries, mosques, and traditional houses give the feeling that time has stood still here. The historic center is ideal for leisurely walks, photography, and exploring local culture and crafts.
The streets of Mardin are narrow and crowded with cars, so it is best to park in the underground parking lot in the center.
You will have a full day to explore the historical city of Mardin, walk through the old town with its streets, mosques and stone buildings.
Mardin is a historical city in southeastern Turkey, known for its stone architecture, narrow streets, and panoramic views of the Mesopotamian Valley. The city is a unique blend of cultures and religions: Syrian monasteries, mosques, and traditional houses give the feeling that time has stopped here. The historic center is ideal for slow walks, photography, and exploring local culture and crafts. The Mardin area has been continuously inhabited since ancient times and was an important crossroads of trade routes between Mesopotamia, Anatolia, and Syria.
Ulu Camii is one of the most important mosques in Mardin, built in the 12th century and later expanded. Its robust stone architecture, historic minaret, and courtyard reflect the traditional style of southeastern Anatolia. The mosque is not only a religious center but also a symbol of the city's cultural continuity and a place where history intertwines with a spiritual atmosphere.
Kırklar Kilisesi, known as the Church of the Forty Martyrs, is a Syriac Orthodox church with a long history dating back to the early Christian period. It dates back to the mid-6th century. The interior of the church is decorated with murals and frescoes that tell biblical stories, and the church itself is a symbol of the rich Christian tradition in the Mardin region.
Surp Hovsep is an Armenian church in Mardin, representing the historical presence of the Armenian community in the region. It was built in 1894. The church stands out with its traditional architecture, stone details, and quiet atmosphere, offering insight into the spiritual life of local believers. The interior features historical iconography and frescoes that testify to the rich religious and cultural tradition.
Zinciriye Madrasa is a historical Islamic school from the 14th century, built during the Artuqid period. The madrasa combines architectural elegance, elaborate stone ornaments, and an inner courtyard, reflecting the building's traditional educational and spiritual function. The madrasa's terrace offers a panoramic view of the city and the Mesopotamian valley, giving the visit a poetic and inspiring touch.
You will visit the unique village of Mağaraköy nestled in the mountain landscape, a Syrian monastery, and, before sunset, the Hasankeyf cultural park on the banks of the Tigris River.
Mağaraköy is a small Yazidi village in the Turabdin region, known for its traditional stone houses and peaceful mountain scenery. The village offers an authentic glimpse into the daily life of the local people and is an ideal place for a quiet walk among the historic buildings and surrounding rocks. Its location in the hills provides picturesque views of the surrounding valley and traditional village architecture.
Mor Gabriel is one of the oldest still-active Syriac monasteries in the world, founded in 397 AD. The monastery is an important center of spiritual, cultural, and educational life for the local Syriac community. The complex includes churches, chapels, courtyards, and historic buildings, all decorated with traditional ornaments and frescoes. The surrounding landscape of hills and olive groves adds to the monastery's peaceful and contemplative atmosphere.
Hasankeyf New Cultural Park Area is a modern cultural park that was created as part of the protection and presentation of the historical city of Hasankeyf, which was partially flooded during the construction of the Ilısu Dam. The park offers reconstructions of historical buildings, information panels and viewing platforms that allow visitors to learn about the heritage of the city and its surroundings. It is a place where history meets the natural scenery of the Tigris River.
Zeynel Bey Tomb is a historical mausoleum from the 15th century, built during the Akkoyunlu period. The structure is characterized by stone architecture with delicate ornaments and traditional geometric motifs, which demonstrate the mastery of the builders of that time. The tomb is an important monument of the region and a symbol of the rich cultural and historical heritage of Hasankeyf.
On the way to Van, you will drive to the lake in place of a volcanic crater and admire the vast landscape.
Nemrut Caldera Nature Monument is a nature reserve and protected area around the volcanic crater of Mount Nemrut. The site is known for its unique volcanic landscape, crater lakes, and expansive viewpoints that offer dramatic views of the surrounding mountains and valleys. The reserve is ideal for hiking, photography, and nature watching, blending geological history with the picturesque scenery of eastern Anatolia.
A good road leads up, where you can stop and take pictures. Bears live by the lake, used to tourists, but caution is always advisable.
The Nemrut Dağı Crater is a remnant of volcanic activity that today offers a dramatic and surreal landscape among the mountains of eastern Anatolia. The surrounding area is surrounded by volcanic cones and vast valleys. The crater is also suitable for short hiking trails and photography.
It is recommended to head to the edge of the crater in the early morning light or before sunset, when the shadows and shapes of the volcanic landscape create dramatic views.
You will reach the harbor, from where you can take a boat to Akdamar Island, where the Armenian Church of Surp Khach and a view of Lake Van and the surrounding mountains await you.
You arrive at the harbor and buy a boat ticket to Akdamar Island on the spot. There is no official timetable. The boat leaves as soon as there are enough people. Take advantage of boat transportation early in the morning or at sunset, when the light is ideal for photography and a quieter tour.
Akdamar Island is located on Lake Van and is famous for the 10th-century Armenian Church of the Holy Cross (Surp Khach), a magnificent example of Armenian architecture. The island also offers picturesque views of the lake and surrounding mountains, a peaceful atmosphere and the opportunity to walk around the historic walls of the church.
Akdamar Church is an iconic 10th-century Armenian church, known for its richly carved stone reliefs and frescoes depicting biblical stories. The church represents the pinnacle of Armenian architecture and art and is a symbol of the historical and spiritual heritage of the Van region. The surrounding island environment provides tranquility and panoramic views of Lake Van and the mountain ranges.
Explore the details of the reliefs and frescoes inside the church, sit outside, and walk a little way up behind the church to the lookout point to see beautiful views of the lake and the surrounding landscape.
Çavuştepe Fortress is a historical fortress from the Urartian period (9th–6th centuries BC), located on a hill overlooking Lake Van. The fortress served to protect the strategic territory and administer the surrounding areas, and remains of walls, residential blocks, and a water system are still visible today. The site offers panoramic views of Lake Van and the surrounding mountains.
Hoşap Castle is an imposing 17th-century fortress, built on a rocky promontory above the Hoşap River. The fortress was a strategic center of the region and served to protect trade routes and local villages. Its massive stone walls, towers and courtyards demonstrate the mastery of the architecture of the time and provide panoramic views of the valley and surrounding mountains.
You can park in a small parking lot when you drive up the road.
You will see the city of Van - an interesting museum, Van Fortress and walk in the center.
Van is a historic city on the shore of Lake Van, the largest lake in Turkey. The city is known for its ancient fortress, Armenian architecture, and vibrant market atmosphere, which gives the place an authentic character. Van is also a gateway to surrounding historical and natural monuments such as Akdamar Island, Çavuştepe Fortress, or Hoşap Fortress.
The Museum of Archeology and Ethnography in Van offers a fascinating insight into the history and culture of Eastern Anatolia, from the Urartu period to modern times. Exhibits include archaeological finds, ceramics, tools, sculptures, and traditional costumes that illustrate the daily life and spiritual practices of local communities. The museum is ideal for those who want to understand the historical context of the region and its rich cultural heritage.
Van Fortress is an impressive site on the shore of Lake Van, with a history dating back to the Urartian civilization (9th-6th centuries BC). The fortress was a strategic center of the region and served to defend against invaders and administer the surrounding territories. The preserved ramparts, towers and gates allow visitors to glimpse into the military and political history of the area. The castle offers a panoramic view of the city of Van and the lake.
You can get to the top from the parking lot at the entrance with a light walk around the mosque to the back, where you will see an impressive view of the city.
You will stop at the Ishak Pasha Palace and drive to the ancient city of Ani, one of the unique places in eastern Turkey.
İshak Pasha Palace is a monumental palace from the 17th and 18th centuries, combining Ottoman, Persian, and Armenian architecture. The palace includes courtyards, a mosque, a harem, and administrative spaces, all adorned with elaborate stone reliefs and ornaments. It is a symbol of the wealth and power of local rulers and offers a fascinating insight into the life of the aristocracy in Anatolia.
Near the village of Kavaktepe, you can stop on the driveway and observe and photograph Mount Ararat in combination with the local mosque from there.
Ani is a fascinating archeological city on the borders of Turkey and Armenia, known as the 'city of a thousand and one churches'. The city was the center of the Armenian kingdom in the 10th-11th centuries, and its ruins today include churches, monasteries, fortresses and walls, which testify to the former prosperity and cultural power. Ani is a symbol of medieval architecture, religious history and strategic importance of the region.
The Church of the Holy Redeemer, also known as Surp Amenap’rkich, is one of the most important churches in the ancient city of Ani. The structure dates from the 10th-11th centuries and represents a typical example of Armenian medieval architecture, with massive stone walls, arches, and remnants of decorative reliefs.
The Cathedral of Ani dominates the ancient city, built in the 10th century as the main church of the Armenian kingdom. The structure is a typical example of Armenian medieval architecture, with impressive stone remains, massive walls, and elegant arches.
The Monastery of Hripsimean Virgins is a historic Armenian monastery in Ani, dedicated to the holy virgins Hripsime. The monastery is one of the city's important religious buildings and showcases the architecture of Armenian monasteries from the 10th-11th centuries, including the remains of a church, chapels, and defensive walls.
St. Gregory Church, also known as Abughamrents Church, is a historic Armenian church dating from the 10th-11th centuries. The church is significant for its architecture typical of Armenian medieval buildings, with stone walls, arches, and remnants of decorative reliefs.
The Church of St. Gregory of Gagik is an Armenian church built during the reign of King Gagik I in the 11th century. The church is significant for its architecture, which combines robust stone walls with elegant arches and decorative reliefs, typical of Armenian medieval buildings.
The Ebul Manucehr Mosque is a historic mosque in Ani, built during the medieval period, showcasing the architecture of early Islamic structures in the Armenian Kingdom. The mosque presents a simple yet elegant design, typical of religious buildings of that time, and is one of the few pieces of evidence of Islamic life in Ani.
Kars is a historical city in eastern Turkey, known for its strategic location, cultural heritage, and architecture from various historical periods. The city is a gateway to the Ani region and offers a combination of Ottoman, Armenian, and Russian influences reflected in churches, fortresses, and historical buildings. Kars is also famous for its market and local cuisine, where you can taste traditional Eastern Turkish specialties.
Before heading to the mountains in Ayder, you will see the old Armenian church in the center and then climb to the castle, from where you will have a nice view of the whole city. On the way to the Black Sea coast and the town of Ayder, you will photograph the mountain scenery.
The Kars Historical Area is the city's historic district, home to Kars Fortress, old churches, mosques, and traditional Ottoman houses. This part of the city offers visitors a comprehensive look at the region's cultural and architectural history, from Armenian and Ottoman influences to 19th-century Russian architecture.
The Church of the Holy Apostles is a historic Armenian church from the 10th–11th centuries, dedicated to the Twelve Apostles. The church is notable for its architecture with stone walls, arches, and decorative reliefs, typical of medieval Armenian buildings.
Kars Castle is the city's dominant fortress, with a history dating back to the medieval period and the Urartian era. The fortress served to defend the city and control the surrounding territory, and today it offers visitors breathtaking views of Kars and the surrounding mountains. The well-preserved walls, towers and gates offer an authentic view of the military architecture and strategy of past periods.
Kocabey Köyü Yaylası is a traditional Turkish mountain pasture (yayla) near Ayder, known for its picturesque scenery, green meadows, and surrounding mountains. The yayla offers an authentic view of pastoral life and the traditional village architecture of the Rize region. It is an ideal place for walking, photography, and relaxation in the middle of nature.
This roadside viewpoint offers panoramic views of the mountainous landscape, valleys, and villages of the Ayder region. It's an ideal spot for a short stop during a hike or road trip, where you can enjoy the natural scenery and photograph the surrounding mountains, forests, and pastures.
Ayder is a mountain resort in Rize province, known for its picturesque mountain scenery, green meadows and forests. The area is ideal for relaxation, hiking and exploring the traditional Karadeniz culture, including local villages and pastures (yaylas). Ayder is also popular for its hot springs, waterfalls and opportunities to taste local specialties, which add an authentic experience to the visit.
You'll spend part of the day walking in the countryside above Ayder and then head back to Trabzon.
Ayder Plateau is a well-known mountain location in the Turkish province of Rize, surrounded by dense forests, mountain meadows, and flowing streams. It is popular for hiking, relaxation, and tasting local cuisine, while also providing an authentic view of the traditional life of mountain villages and yaylas (pastures). The area is also known for its hot springs and picturesque waterfalls.
Take a walk through the town, check out the local shops, or have a meal at a restaurant.
Before heading to Trabzon, drive above Ayder and take a walk in the landscape with beautiful views. Galer Düzü is a picturesque plain or meadow near Ayder, known for its panoramic scenery, mountain views and tranquil atmosphere.
You can park, for example, at GPS: 40.92955111468233, 41.14303438539059, take a walk, have tea at local vendors and then head back to Trabzon.
You will reach the accommodation along the Black Sea.
Along the Black Sea, you will reach your accommodation in Trabzon.
You'll fly back home with your head full of amazing experiences from exploring eastern Turkey.
At the airport, return the car, go through the airport through security to your gate, and have a safe trip home. Don't forget to be at the airport 2 or 3 hours before departure.
